Nicotine: From Discovery to Biological Effects

Nicotine, the primary psychoactive agent in tobacco leaves, has led to widespread use of tobacco, with over one billion smokers globally. This article provides a historical overview and discusses dependence, as well biological effects induced by nicotine on mammalian cells. Nicotine induces various effects, such neoangiogenesis, cell division, proliferation, it affects neural non-neural cells through specific pathways downstream nicotinic receptors (nAChRs). Specific mediated α7 nAChRs are highlighted. is highly addictive hazardous. Public health initiatives should prioritize combating smoking its associated risks. Understanding nicotine’s complex essential for comprehensive research informed policies. While potential links between COVID-19 severity warrant further investigation, remains significant cause morbidity mortality Effective public strategies vital promote healthier lifestyles.